Literacy
What’s the purpose of education.
Education is very important. It factors a range of different purposes for each different individual. It brings a range of different positive factors. It provides young people with the understanding and motivation for further studies and enable them to make informed decisions in their everyday lives, including about their education and future employment, (welcome 2016). Having a good education is also very important but not all individuals naturally take on education as smoothly as some others do. This is where the curriculum comes in and ensures that all teachers get all the correct training for them to be guaranteed to be teaching at the correct type of standards. They will have a range of knowledge on how to teach in a range of different style as not all individuals learn at the same pace and every individual learns differently. Having a good education which meets your individual needs Is very important because it will encourage individuals to take more of an interest when it comes to their own education. The purpose of everyone having an education is very important because it will follow you until you are older and probably will for the rest of your lives. Education starts from a very young age and this is also very important because children pick up habits from a young age and getting them in to an education routine from a young age will set them out for life. Education has an end goal for each individual, it is mainly set out for when we are all older and for our future careers. It is also vital for life skills which we all need in every life. For example, in Wales we are taught the vital subjects from as young as when we are in reception. These vital subjects are Literacy and Numeracy. These subjects allow each individual to learn vital skills we need in life, we learn these from a from a young age because no matter what age we get up to we use these skills every single day. Referring back to the purpose of having an education is to have an end goal, this is where qualifications come into consideration, children need to get the vital learning they need throughout their primary education to prepare them for secondary education and this is where most of the learning from years 7 to year 9 is getting them all prepared for GCSE levels of learning and encouraging each individual to be able to get the best outcome of them to be able to gain higher education after them. The purpose of education is to prepare every individual, it equips them with the knowledge and skills to contribute to a thriving society. (welcome 2016). An education has so many purposes in life for each individual, as well as children being taught vital skills they need in life, it also allows them to grow as a person. They learn about the world around them. They learn to develop friendships and the natural world around them. Education isn’t just set in classrooms because of the current society we all live in. it’s believed that children should also taught in the outdoors. I personally feel that this takes a big role in the purpose of education. This allows children to gain respect for the outdoors, such as the plants and wildlife which might be around them. This will help children to become better human begins with each other and on their own. Education can be pursued in different ways, for example, mainstream schools, home schooling, grammar schools and private schools. Just because some children are in different settings, we are all equal to the same level of an education. Being in a different setting for education might suit some personal individuals better than others. The main purpose of individuals having an education is to secure a good job and a fulfilling career. An education prepares them, children have to sit tests and exams throughout education for them to be successful for when they leave secondary education even if they choose to move onto higher education or go into a job as soon as they leave. They would have been taught vitals skills throughout their education for them to be able to have the knowledge on how to have a successful life after education.
What are the benefits of storying telling in Primary Education.
I personally feel that story telling is very important in Primary Education and it has a range of different benefits for children and teachers. Story telling can increase children’s imagination. This can be from the way a story is being told. For example, with different voices and actions, it brings the story more to life. Story’s can be also be told through a CD which can also have a positive effect on children. This could be quiet time for the younger children, time for them to sit down and relax as younger children tend to have a lot of energy in them and on the go for most of their school day. Story telling can also be listened to from a book and with the puppet characters. This could be a task set out for children to undertake after their teacher has read the story. It can also be used with story sack bags. These are bags which have the book and other materials which support the story. These encourage can children to interact with each other from a young age and for them to build their confidence when working with their peers. This will teach children to be able to share from a young age because there won’t be enough materials for all of the children to have at once, so they will have to take it in turns to share the different materials. These story sack bags can be set as a task for the children. For example, in my seminar I worked within a group to come up with a task which could work within a primary school setting. It considered different children having different roles for them to be able to read and act the story out to the rest of the class. For example, one child had to read the story out and the rest of the individual all had a piece of material each to act out their role.
Storytelling Is so important because it will allow teachers to be able to see evidence of how much the individuals have listened, and the teacher can then reflect back on this and see if there could be certain changes to be made within the classroom to make storytelling more positive for the future. Story telling can make learning more fun for younger children. It can feel less intense for them as can be recognised as a fun task. Story telling also helps to improve children’s skills. For example, it improves their listening and imagination skills. Not all children have the same level of confidence as some others might have and storytelling can improve their confidence. This could be by a group of children coming together to do certain actions, for example, animal moves and sounds. Storytelling doesn’t just have to be a task it can also cover a certain amount of the curriculum that the teacher will have to follow. Within a school term the teacher might have to teach a specific topic and they might be able to find a book which covers the topic and it can be used in a range of different ways. Children can have certain tasks set in place which revolves around the story as well as learning a certain subject. The classroom could also be decorated to the specific story which can make it more encouraging for children. (peltjournal 2013). Storytelling allows children to feel emotions when they’re using their imagination. Some stories can reflect back on to some children’s past life experiences and this can give them good emotions as well as maybe not such as good emotions, but this still allows children to reflect back on these good or bad times and maybe come out with some positive thoughts. From my own experience from placement in a primary school, each day children had to go into small groups and each child would choose a book each and they’d had have their own individual time to read the story out to the rest of the group. This allowed these children to gain respect for each other because they would have to take the time to sit in silence to listen to that specific individual at that specific time. At a younger age child don’t have the best attention span within the classroom but storytelling can allow you as a teacher to keep the pupils attention for longer. As our society has changed, when children go home the majority of them go home and spend time on computers, phones, iPad’s and watching tv. Storytelling in school is so important for these individuals as they might take the time to read stories when they’re at home. Storytelling allows children to gain vital skills, such as reading, spelling and communication skills so it is important for it to be used in a primary school setting as much as possible. (teach 2016).
Within my seminar I also used storytelling in the outdoors. This will allow children to feel more free and use their imagination with having outdoor facilities. Within my group, we went down to the forest and made a story up by using certain outdoor materials and presented it to the rest of the group. This will also make story telling more fun for younger children. This can sometime cause more danger to children because of certain weather conditions so as a teacher you will have to ensure that health and safety has been through before and assessed on the day that you are going to take the children outside and make sure that they are wearing appropriate clothing.
This is when my and my peers used the story sack to how useful they could be in a primary school setting.
This is when me and my peers when outside during out seminar to how useful storytelling can be when it is in an outdoor environment.
Digital.
E-Safety.
E-safety is covered in most schools within the UK these days. More students now have the access to all different kinds of social media these days. Children shouldn’t be allowing on a lot of social media apps’ until they’re 13 years old, but children are lying about their age more now and are gaining accessed to having a profile on these apps. (childnet 2018). Some of these individuals are very young, it can be found from the age of 7 years olds are using certain apps and they aren’t completely aware of the dangers and how they can keep themselves safe when they’re online. E-safety is a really broad subject when it comes to keeping children safe when they’re online. For example, it covers, cyberbullying, this is when a child is bullied by other individuals online. A child can experience Cyberbullying for a period of a day to months. It doesn’t matter how long it goes on for, no child should be bullied through social media. Cyberbullying can also accrue just through mobile phones, this can be through unanimous text messages and phone calls. It can also accrue through gaming sights, such as PlayStation and Xboxes’. There are different types of cyberbullying, for example, it can range from harassment, this is where individuals are being sent offensive, rude, and insulting messages and being abusive. Nasty or humiliating comments on posts, photos and in chat rooms and being offensive on gaming sites. cyber Stalking is also a very common one. This is where individuals are repeatedly sending messages that include threats of harm to another individuals. This harassment can start from, intimidating messages, or engaging in other online activities that make a person afraid for his or her safety. The individuals who cyber stalking someone else are putting themselves at bigger risk because this can or may be illegal depending on what they are doing. (bullying 2019). This is a very broad subject which all children need to be taught when they’re in education. This can be from children being aware of the dangers they can be putting themselves if they bully someone else and if an individual is being bullied through social media that they can get help and they don’t have to suffer alone. E-safety is so important for young children because they’re not aware of how to keep their personal information online private and safe. If it isn’t private any individual can have access to their information and this puts the individual at risk of being safe online. Children need to be educated on something which occurs online more often these days in society and this is called Digital Self. This is where an individua has an online profile and they have made themselves out to be an individual who that they might not actually be in real life. This individual will then keep up with keeping this profile alive by uploading images of who they might not be and uploading information which might be about them. These individuals have access to add other individuals and message them. A child might think they are speaking to an individual who they know but secretly it isn’t who they think it is. A child could think they know the certain individual and talk to them about personal things and this puts the child at risk of being safe. It is important for children to be education on only having close friends and families on their social media and their parents need to be checking who their children have access to their personal profiles. Schools are now educated more on how to keep their pupils safe when they’re online when they are within the school environment. For example, a lot of online sights are blocked so children won’t have access to them. This doesn’t stop their pupils from having access to them when they’re not in the classroom. Mobile phones are banned from most schools and this will reduce the amount of time that children are spending on social media, but this doesn’t stop it when they are at home. This is why it’s so important that they’re taught about E-safety in school. Donaldson says that teachers must educate learners how to use technology safely with respect of others (page 51, 2015). I personally feel that parents need to be educated more on E-safety and how they can keep their child safe when they’re online and they might not be supervising them. Parents can also have access to parental blocking from certain websites. Parents will have some sort of an idea how of to keep their child safe online but there is always new apps which are being made and children are gaining access to and parents might be unaware. For example, a newer app called snapchat is on the rise of younger children using. It allows anyone to add you and there is certain setting you have to turn off to only allow your friends to view. This app allows people to view where you are on a map, it will even tell people the specific street you are on and this can cause danger to a child’s safety because without only having the settings for your friends to see where you are, anyone could look you up and the worst thing which could happen is that someone could start following you around. Because some children are so young, this can be unaware of this, so this is why it’s so important that parents are educated and aware of these new apps and how to keep their children safe.
There are different literature reviews on E-safety. For example, the UKCCIS have published a literature review on E-safety and regarding how children’s online activities, risks and safety. The findings from this review may be helpful for teachers to consider with regards to implementing effective and appropriate online safety approaches within the classroom environment. They found out children’s online access and use. They evidence they show against this is that, whilst t seems many UK children have learned to be cautious online, there is little evidence that their digital skills and literacies are increasing over time but hopefully it will increase with age. They found that one in ten children to one in five young teens say they encountered something worrying or nasty online in the past year. This just proves that younger children don’t always feel that they’re safe online these days. (UKCCIS 2017).
Digital Teaching.
Digital teaching is being questioned more in today’s society and some people believe that technology can be taken over by teachers and children will be able to be taught digitally instead of having a human life teacher teaching them. Some individuals believe this because evidence has shown that technology is slowly taking over education and, in the way, that children are being taught. Children are now expected to work more on computers and iPad when they’re in a school environment. As evidence also shows that in Wales the curriculum is going under some changes and the way that children are currently tested. Children aged 7-14 are currently tested in numeracy and literacy, this consists them sitting at a desk with the papers and filling them out. As evidence shows from the new curriculum, hopefully by 2022 children are still going to be tested by computers instead. This is just one point that shows evidence of technology slowly taking over in education. I can understand why some people think that digital teaching is going to be taken over, but I don’t believe that it will make education any better or that it would even be successful. I believe that young children look up to teachers as a role model and they need human activity around them to support them at all times. From my own experience, younger children need teachers a lot more than just for teaching when they’re in a classroom environment. Its also little things as tying their shoe lace up for them. Its just the little support they need for day to day life. Some children don’t listen and loose centration quicker than others and this can distract the rest of the class and their education. From having a teacher in the classroom educating them, this allows them to pick these certain signals up and without having the teacher there to recognise these issues and they wouldn’t get solved. From doing research and from my own experience I feel that digital teaching could be more successful in higher education than it would be in primary education. In secondary and higher education, pupils tend to take it more seriously and they will have more of an attention span to be able to be educated through digital teaching. I personally don’t think that I would enjoy it as much, but some other individual might feel different about the whole situation on digital teaching. If digital teaching was to slowly take over teaches, that leaves a lot of teachers and professionals’ jobs at risk. There are some positive outcomes for students in education if digital teaching was to take over. In education now, more technology is being used to teach children and is getting updated every day. Not all teachers might be as confident when using technology and the pupils might not get taught up to the correct standards. As if digital teaching was to take place, there would be no issue of teachers not be able to understand it correctly. Digital teaching would benefit some individuals and maybe not as much for others. Some individuals enjoy using technology when they’re learning but not all individuals are as confident as others and they prefer to be at a desk writing or doing something more physical.
Within schools now, more apps are being used when it comes to children’s education. Within my seminar me and another individual used an app to make our own video. We change all the sounds and presented it to the class. I felt like this app could be successful within education but wasn’t vital and I personally probably wouldn’t use it again. Another app which have used within a range of different modules is called Kahtoot. I personally really felt like this app could make a change in education. It can make a lesson more enjoyable but all the pupils having an iPad and they can all take part in the quiz. This can come across as a game to younger children, but It can show evidence of how much they are understanding a certain subject. This app can be used throughout secondary and higher education. This shows evidence that some digital teaching can be useful, but it might not meet up to every individual needs. I personally feel that we need teachers and digital teaching shouldn’t take over because teachers have a range of different experiences and they have the correct training to be able to teach in a range of different ways to be able to meet different individuals needs. Teachers are more hands on and are always there for extra support when pupils need it. Teachers can spend one on one time with individuals if they ever wanted or needed extra support in a certain area and pupils wouldn’t be able to gain this support off digital teaching.
Numeracy.
What can be done to improve attitudes to math’s in Welsh primary classrooms?
Maths can be underlined as boring to children in primary schools. Not all pupils enjoy sitting down and studying maths when they would prefer to be doing a subject which they enjoy more. For example, Physical Education, a lot of children in primary education enjoy this subject because it allows them to be more free, run around and it’s a more enjoyable subject. A lot of children class maths as ‘’scary and boring’’. From my own experience I can understand why children think maths Is scary and boring. It was the least subject that I enjoyed in school. It used to just consider us sitting at our desks and having to work out of a writing book, a maths text book or different maths activity sheets. It was never a fun subject, it was taken more seriously, and it was a subject which we had to do every day. Maths is taken more seriously is primary schools, especially when children are in years 3-6 because this is where they’re tested each year, so teacher do have to make sure that they’re teaching maths at the right standards. I personally feel that some areas of maths that I taught isn’t relevant. From my own experience I have been taught some things when it comes to maths and I’ve never had to use it again, but some areas are very important for day to day life and I still used these skills now which I learnt throughout education. Knowing basic maths is very important for day to day life but most jobs now consider you having a maths qualification, so it is important t that it is taught properly but it could maybe be set out in a different way to make younger children enjoy it more from a younger age. Maths could be made more fun by going in the outdoors maybe once a week when the weather is suitable. For example, with younger children you could take them outside with chalk and make it a fun lesson of adding up. As a teacher you could write the questions out on the floor and the pupils could write their answers out, this could be a warm up session and then the children could have fewer questions which they have to answer when they go back into the classroom then and this lesson might have had a better outcome than maybe some past lessons when teaching maths with younger children. For the older children in primary education, they can also be taken in the outdoors for a maths lesson. For example, when teaching right angles, you can get the individuals go into small groups to work with each other, they can go around trying to find accurate measurements of angles on the playground, then get them to create their own map with missing angles to challenge their partner, which they can then mark themselves. During your angle hunt you could also integrate some discussion about the use of horizontal, vertical, perpendicular and parallel lines. (thirdspacelearning 2018). Maths can be made more fun inside the classroom as well. There a range of different online resources which can be use for maths lessons. For example, BBC bitesize can be used. This is a website where a range of different activities can be played. As these photos show children can learn numbers, calculations, fractions, percentages ratio, measurements, shapes and movements and handling data can be accessed. Allowing children to have access to this website, it could make maths more enjoyable for them and they might be so scared of having to study maths because they know it also can have a fun side to it.
When the welsh curriculum changes in Wales, mathematics is going to change. They are going to priorities to make changes in the standards of mathematics and develop a National Numeracy Programme. These changes need to be made within the new curriculum because people need to start hiring the standards of maths within school environments across Wales. Within the current curriculum which is set in place, maths is a core subject which means it has to be taught every day, so it is important that is made more fun for children in a primary school setting.
What is reasoning.
Mathematical reasoning is the critical skill that enables a student to make use of all other mathematical skills. With the development of mathematical reasoning, students recognize that mathematics makes sense and can be understood. A few examples of these are evaluate situations, select problem-solving strategies. Reasoning allows pupils to make sense of an area of numeracy to have the knowledge to understand if they can solve a certain issue or not. (archive.dimacs.rutgers 2019).Problem solving is one of the main activities when it comes to mathematics within a school setting in general day to day life. It is important that pupils are taught reasoning so when they’re on their own they will know how to solve certain issues. Reasoning is part of the current curriculum, so all teachers need to teach it throughout mathematics. It also helps individuals to build confidence and impendence. Some pupils might prefer reasoning because it is the style of learning that they find easier and prefer to do. Instead of just working out off a textbook, it allows children to be more active whilst doing math’s. reasoning could help some pupils to remember certain areas of math’s more because of using reasoning, they can reflect back on the activity they did within the classroom. Reasoning can be used in a range of different ways. For eample, if a child wasn't to understand, the teacher could draw a diagram out for the child and see if they will be able to do it on their own. The teacher could also make a tabel of results. The main thing a teacher could use is an actvity called RUCSAC.
Access to online social media, accessed online 2019, found at, https://www.childnet.com/blog/age-restrictions-on-social-media-services (2018).
Cyberbullying accessed online 2019, found at, https://www.bullying.co.uk/cyberbullying/what-is-cyberbullying/ (2019).
Making story telling more fun in a primary school, accessed online 2019, found at, https://thirdspacelearning.com/blog/13-outdoor-maths-activities-early-years-year-6-plus-bonus-ages/ (2018).
Purpose of having an education, accessed online 2019, found at, https://wellcome.ac.uk/sites/default/files/wtp060177.pdf (2016).
Reasoning, accssed online 2019, found at http://archive.dimacs.rutgers.edu/nj_math_coalition/framework/ch01-04/ch01-04_s4.html
Storytelling in a primary school, assessed online 2019, found at https://peltjournal.wordpress.com/2013/09/02/the-importance-of-storytelling-for-children-learning-at-primary-school-_-vu-thi-hong-thuong-k33/ (2013).
Storytelling in school, accessed online 2019, found at, https://teach.com/great-educational-resources-the-power-of-storytelling/ (2016).
UKCCIS Children’s Online Activities, Risks and Safety: Literature Review published online, accessed online 2019, found at, https://kentesafety.wordpress.com/2017/10/15/ukccis-childrens-online-activities-risks-and-safety-literature-review-published/ (2017).
RUCSA 2019, https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=how+rucsac+is+used+maths+lesson&source.
What’s the purpose of education.
Education is very important. It factors a range of different purposes for each different individual. It brings a range of different positive factors. It provides young people with the understanding and motivation for further studies and enable them to make informed decisions in their everyday lives, including about their education and future employment, (welcome 2016). Having a good education is also very important but not all individuals naturally take on education as smoothly as some others do. This is where the curriculum comes in and ensures that all teachers get all the correct training for them to be guaranteed to be teaching at the correct type of standards. They will have a range of knowledge on how to teach in a range of different style as not all individuals learn at the same pace and every individual learns differently. Having a good education which meets your individual needs Is very important because it will encourage individuals to take more of an interest when it comes to their own education. The purpose of everyone having an education is very important because it will follow you until you are older and probably will for the rest of your lives. Education starts from a very young age and this is also very important because children pick up habits from a young age and getting them in to an education routine from a young age will set them out for life. Education has an end goal for each individual, it is mainly set out for when we are all older and for our future careers. It is also vital for life skills which we all need in every life. For example, in Wales we are taught the vital subjects from as young as when we are in reception. These vital subjects are Literacy and Numeracy. These subjects allow each individual to learn vital skills we need in life, we learn these from a from a young age because no matter what age we get up to we use these skills every single day. Referring back to the purpose of having an education is to have an end goal, this is where qualifications come into consideration, children need to get the vital learning they need throughout their primary education to prepare them for secondary education and this is where most of the learning from years 7 to year 9 is getting them all prepared for GCSE levels of learning and encouraging each individual to be able to get the best outcome of them to be able to gain higher education after them. The purpose of education is to prepare every individual, it equips them with the knowledge and skills to contribute to a thriving society. (welcome 2016). An education has so many purposes in life for each individual, as well as children being taught vital skills they need in life, it also allows them to grow as a person. They learn about the world around them. They learn to develop friendships and the natural world around them. Education isn’t just set in classrooms because of the current society we all live in. it’s believed that children should also taught in the outdoors. I personally feel that this takes a big role in the purpose of education. This allows children to gain respect for the outdoors, such as the plants and wildlife which might be around them. This will help children to become better human begins with each other and on their own. Education can be pursued in different ways, for example, mainstream schools, home schooling, grammar schools and private schools. Just because some children are in different settings, we are all equal to the same level of an education. Being in a different setting for education might suit some personal individuals better than others. The main purpose of individuals having an education is to secure a good job and a fulfilling career. An education prepares them, children have to sit tests and exams throughout education for them to be successful for when they leave secondary education even if they choose to move onto higher education or go into a job as soon as they leave. They would have been taught vitals skills throughout their education for them to be able to have the knowledge on how to have a successful life after education.
What are the benefits of storying telling in Primary Education.
I personally feel that story telling is very important in Primary Education and it has a range of different benefits for children and teachers. Story telling can increase children’s imagination. This can be from the way a story is being told. For example, with different voices and actions, it brings the story more to life. Story’s can be also be told through a CD which can also have a positive effect on children. This could be quiet time for the younger children, time for them to sit down and relax as younger children tend to have a lot of energy in them and on the go for most of their school day. Story telling can also be listened to from a book and with the puppet characters. This could be a task set out for children to undertake after their teacher has read the story. It can also be used with story sack bags. These are bags which have the book and other materials which support the story. These encourage can children to interact with each other from a young age and for them to build their confidence when working with their peers. This will teach children to be able to share from a young age because there won’t be enough materials for all of the children to have at once, so they will have to take it in turns to share the different materials. These story sack bags can be set as a task for the children. For example, in my seminar I worked within a group to come up with a task which could work within a primary school setting. It considered different children having different roles for them to be able to read and act the story out to the rest of the class. For example, one child had to read the story out and the rest of the individual all had a piece of material each to act out their role.
Storytelling Is so important because it will allow teachers to be able to see evidence of how much the individuals have listened, and the teacher can then reflect back on this and see if there could be certain changes to be made within the classroom to make storytelling more positive for the future. Story telling can make learning more fun for younger children. It can feel less intense for them as can be recognised as a fun task. Story telling also helps to improve children’s skills. For example, it improves their listening and imagination skills. Not all children have the same level of confidence as some others might have and storytelling can improve their confidence. This could be by a group of children coming together to do certain actions, for example, animal moves and sounds. Storytelling doesn’t just have to be a task it can also cover a certain amount of the curriculum that the teacher will have to follow. Within a school term the teacher might have to teach a specific topic and they might be able to find a book which covers the topic and it can be used in a range of different ways. Children can have certain tasks set in place which revolves around the story as well as learning a certain subject. The classroom could also be decorated to the specific story which can make it more encouraging for children. (peltjournal 2013). Storytelling allows children to feel emotions when they’re using their imagination. Some stories can reflect back on to some children’s past life experiences and this can give them good emotions as well as maybe not such as good emotions, but this still allows children to reflect back on these good or bad times and maybe come out with some positive thoughts. From my own experience from placement in a primary school, each day children had to go into small groups and each child would choose a book each and they’d had have their own individual time to read the story out to the rest of the group. This allowed these children to gain respect for each other because they would have to take the time to sit in silence to listen to that specific individual at that specific time. At a younger age child don’t have the best attention span within the classroom but storytelling can allow you as a teacher to keep the pupils attention for longer. As our society has changed, when children go home the majority of them go home and spend time on computers, phones, iPad’s and watching tv. Storytelling in school is so important for these individuals as they might take the time to read stories when they’re at home. Storytelling allows children to gain vital skills, such as reading, spelling and communication skills so it is important for it to be used in a primary school setting as much as possible. (teach 2016).
Within my seminar I also used storytelling in the outdoors. This will allow children to feel more free and use their imagination with having outdoor facilities. Within my group, we went down to the forest and made a story up by using certain outdoor materials and presented it to the rest of the group. This will also make story telling more fun for younger children. This can sometime cause more danger to children because of certain weather conditions so as a teacher you will have to ensure that health and safety has been through before and assessed on the day that you are going to take the children outside and make sure that they are wearing appropriate clothing.
This is when my and my peers used the story sack to how useful they could be in a primary school setting.
This is when me and my peers when outside during out seminar to how useful storytelling can be when it is in an outdoor environment.
Digital.
E-Safety.
E-safety is covered in most schools within the UK these days. More students now have the access to all different kinds of social media these days. Children shouldn’t be allowing on a lot of social media apps’ until they’re 13 years old, but children are lying about their age more now and are gaining accessed to having a profile on these apps. (childnet 2018). Some of these individuals are very young, it can be found from the age of 7 years olds are using certain apps and they aren’t completely aware of the dangers and how they can keep themselves safe when they’re online. E-safety is a really broad subject when it comes to keeping children safe when they’re online. For example, it covers, cyberbullying, this is when a child is bullied by other individuals online. A child can experience Cyberbullying for a period of a day to months. It doesn’t matter how long it goes on for, no child should be bullied through social media. Cyberbullying can also accrue just through mobile phones, this can be through unanimous text messages and phone calls. It can also accrue through gaming sights, such as PlayStation and Xboxes’. There are different types of cyberbullying, for example, it can range from harassment, this is where individuals are being sent offensive, rude, and insulting messages and being abusive. Nasty or humiliating comments on posts, photos and in chat rooms and being offensive on gaming sites. cyber Stalking is also a very common one. This is where individuals are repeatedly sending messages that include threats of harm to another individuals. This harassment can start from, intimidating messages, or engaging in other online activities that make a person afraid for his or her safety. The individuals who cyber stalking someone else are putting themselves at bigger risk because this can or may be illegal depending on what they are doing. (bullying 2019). This is a very broad subject which all children need to be taught when they’re in education. This can be from children being aware of the dangers they can be putting themselves if they bully someone else and if an individual is being bullied through social media that they can get help and they don’t have to suffer alone. E-safety is so important for young children because they’re not aware of how to keep their personal information online private and safe. If it isn’t private any individual can have access to their information and this puts the individual at risk of being safe online. Children need to be educated on something which occurs online more often these days in society and this is called Digital Self. This is where an individua has an online profile and they have made themselves out to be an individual who that they might not actually be in real life. This individual will then keep up with keeping this profile alive by uploading images of who they might not be and uploading information which might be about them. These individuals have access to add other individuals and message them. A child might think they are speaking to an individual who they know but secretly it isn’t who they think it is. A child could think they know the certain individual and talk to them about personal things and this puts the child at risk of being safe. It is important for children to be education on only having close friends and families on their social media and their parents need to be checking who their children have access to their personal profiles. Schools are now educated more on how to keep their pupils safe when they’re online when they are within the school environment. For example, a lot of online sights are blocked so children won’t have access to them. This doesn’t stop their pupils from having access to them when they’re not in the classroom. Mobile phones are banned from most schools and this will reduce the amount of time that children are spending on social media, but this doesn’t stop it when they are at home. This is why it’s so important that they’re taught about E-safety in school. Donaldson says that teachers must educate learners how to use technology safely with respect of others (page 51, 2015). I personally feel that parents need to be educated more on E-safety and how they can keep their child safe when they’re online and they might not be supervising them. Parents can also have access to parental blocking from certain websites. Parents will have some sort of an idea how of to keep their child safe online but there is always new apps which are being made and children are gaining access to and parents might be unaware. For example, a newer app called snapchat is on the rise of younger children using. It allows anyone to add you and there is certain setting you have to turn off to only allow your friends to view. This app allows people to view where you are on a map, it will even tell people the specific street you are on and this can cause danger to a child’s safety because without only having the settings for your friends to see where you are, anyone could look you up and the worst thing which could happen is that someone could start following you around. Because some children are so young, this can be unaware of this, so this is why it’s so important that parents are educated and aware of these new apps and how to keep their children safe.
There are different literature reviews on E-safety. For example, the UKCCIS have published a literature review on E-safety and regarding how children’s online activities, risks and safety. The findings from this review may be helpful for teachers to consider with regards to implementing effective and appropriate online safety approaches within the classroom environment. They found out children’s online access and use. They evidence they show against this is that, whilst t seems many UK children have learned to be cautious online, there is little evidence that their digital skills and literacies are increasing over time but hopefully it will increase with age. They found that one in ten children to one in five young teens say they encountered something worrying or nasty online in the past year. This just proves that younger children don’t always feel that they’re safe online these days. (UKCCIS 2017).
Digital Teaching.
Digital teaching is being questioned more in today’s society and some people believe that technology can be taken over by teachers and children will be able to be taught digitally instead of having a human life teacher teaching them. Some individuals believe this because evidence has shown that technology is slowly taking over education and, in the way, that children are being taught. Children are now expected to work more on computers and iPad when they’re in a school environment. As evidence also shows that in Wales the curriculum is going under some changes and the way that children are currently tested. Children aged 7-14 are currently tested in numeracy and literacy, this consists them sitting at a desk with the papers and filling them out. As evidence shows from the new curriculum, hopefully by 2022 children are still going to be tested by computers instead. This is just one point that shows evidence of technology slowly taking over in education. I can understand why some people think that digital teaching is going to be taken over, but I don’t believe that it will make education any better or that it would even be successful. I believe that young children look up to teachers as a role model and they need human activity around them to support them at all times. From my own experience, younger children need teachers a lot more than just for teaching when they’re in a classroom environment. Its also little things as tying their shoe lace up for them. Its just the little support they need for day to day life. Some children don’t listen and loose centration quicker than others and this can distract the rest of the class and their education. From having a teacher in the classroom educating them, this allows them to pick these certain signals up and without having the teacher there to recognise these issues and they wouldn’t get solved. From doing research and from my own experience I feel that digital teaching could be more successful in higher education than it would be in primary education. In secondary and higher education, pupils tend to take it more seriously and they will have more of an attention span to be able to be educated through digital teaching. I personally don’t think that I would enjoy it as much, but some other individual might feel different about the whole situation on digital teaching. If digital teaching was to slowly take over teaches, that leaves a lot of teachers and professionals’ jobs at risk. There are some positive outcomes for students in education if digital teaching was to take over. In education now, more technology is being used to teach children and is getting updated every day. Not all teachers might be as confident when using technology and the pupils might not get taught up to the correct standards. As if digital teaching was to take place, there would be no issue of teachers not be able to understand it correctly. Digital teaching would benefit some individuals and maybe not as much for others. Some individuals enjoy using technology when they’re learning but not all individuals are as confident as others and they prefer to be at a desk writing or doing something more physical.
Within schools now, more apps are being used when it comes to children’s education. Within my seminar me and another individual used an app to make our own video. We change all the sounds and presented it to the class. I felt like this app could be successful within education but wasn’t vital and I personally probably wouldn’t use it again. Another app which have used within a range of different modules is called Kahtoot. I personally really felt like this app could make a change in education. It can make a lesson more enjoyable but all the pupils having an iPad and they can all take part in the quiz. This can come across as a game to younger children, but It can show evidence of how much they are understanding a certain subject. This app can be used throughout secondary and higher education. This shows evidence that some digital teaching can be useful, but it might not meet up to every individual needs. I personally feel that we need teachers and digital teaching shouldn’t take over because teachers have a range of different experiences and they have the correct training to be able to teach in a range of different ways to be able to meet different individuals needs. Teachers are more hands on and are always there for extra support when pupils need it. Teachers can spend one on one time with individuals if they ever wanted or needed extra support in a certain area and pupils wouldn’t be able to gain this support off digital teaching.
Numeracy.
What can be done to improve attitudes to math’s in Welsh primary classrooms?
Maths can be underlined as boring to children in primary schools. Not all pupils enjoy sitting down and studying maths when they would prefer to be doing a subject which they enjoy more. For example, Physical Education, a lot of children in primary education enjoy this subject because it allows them to be more free, run around and it’s a more enjoyable subject. A lot of children class maths as ‘’scary and boring’’. From my own experience I can understand why children think maths Is scary and boring. It was the least subject that I enjoyed in school. It used to just consider us sitting at our desks and having to work out of a writing book, a maths text book or different maths activity sheets. It was never a fun subject, it was taken more seriously, and it was a subject which we had to do every day. Maths is taken more seriously is primary schools, especially when children are in years 3-6 because this is where they’re tested each year, so teacher do have to make sure that they’re teaching maths at the right standards. I personally feel that some areas of maths that I taught isn’t relevant. From my own experience I have been taught some things when it comes to maths and I’ve never had to use it again, but some areas are very important for day to day life and I still used these skills now which I learnt throughout education. Knowing basic maths is very important for day to day life but most jobs now consider you having a maths qualification, so it is important t that it is taught properly but it could maybe be set out in a different way to make younger children enjoy it more from a younger age. Maths could be made more fun by going in the outdoors maybe once a week when the weather is suitable. For example, with younger children you could take them outside with chalk and make it a fun lesson of adding up. As a teacher you could write the questions out on the floor and the pupils could write their answers out, this could be a warm up session and then the children could have fewer questions which they have to answer when they go back into the classroom then and this lesson might have had a better outcome than maybe some past lessons when teaching maths with younger children. For the older children in primary education, they can also be taken in the outdoors for a maths lesson. For example, when teaching right angles, you can get the individuals go into small groups to work with each other, they can go around trying to find accurate measurements of angles on the playground, then get them to create their own map with missing angles to challenge their partner, which they can then mark themselves. During your angle hunt you could also integrate some discussion about the use of horizontal, vertical, perpendicular and parallel lines. (thirdspacelearning 2018). Maths can be made more fun inside the classroom as well. There a range of different online resources which can be use for maths lessons. For example, BBC bitesize can be used. This is a website where a range of different activities can be played. As these photos show children can learn numbers, calculations, fractions, percentages ratio, measurements, shapes and movements and handling data can be accessed. Allowing children to have access to this website, it could make maths more enjoyable for them and they might be so scared of having to study maths because they know it also can have a fun side to it.
When the welsh curriculum changes in Wales, mathematics is going to change. They are going to priorities to make changes in the standards of mathematics and develop a National Numeracy Programme. These changes need to be made within the new curriculum because people need to start hiring the standards of maths within school environments across Wales. Within the current curriculum which is set in place, maths is a core subject which means it has to be taught every day, so it is important that is made more fun for children in a primary school setting.
What is reasoning.
Mathematical reasoning is the critical skill that enables a student to make use of all other mathematical skills. With the development of mathematical reasoning, students recognize that mathematics makes sense and can be understood. A few examples of these are evaluate situations, select problem-solving strategies. Reasoning allows pupils to make sense of an area of numeracy to have the knowledge to understand if they can solve a certain issue or not. (archive.dimacs.rutgers 2019).Problem solving is one of the main activities when it comes to mathematics within a school setting in general day to day life. It is important that pupils are taught reasoning so when they’re on their own they will know how to solve certain issues. Reasoning is part of the current curriculum, so all teachers need to teach it throughout mathematics. It also helps individuals to build confidence and impendence. Some pupils might prefer reasoning because it is the style of learning that they find easier and prefer to do. Instead of just working out off a textbook, it allows children to be more active whilst doing math’s. reasoning could help some pupils to remember certain areas of math’s more because of using reasoning, they can reflect back on the activity they did within the classroom. Reasoning can be used in a range of different ways. For eample, if a child wasn't to understand, the teacher could draw a diagram out for the child and see if they will be able to do it on their own. The teacher could also make a tabel of results. The main thing a teacher could use is an actvity called RUCSAC.
Access to online social media, accessed online 2019, found at, https://www.childnet.com/blog/age-restrictions-on-social-media-services (2018).
Cyberbullying accessed online 2019, found at, https://www.bullying.co.uk/cyberbullying/what-is-cyberbullying/ (2019).
Making story telling more fun in a primary school, accessed online 2019, found at, https://thirdspacelearning.com/blog/13-outdoor-maths-activities-early-years-year-6-plus-bonus-ages/ (2018).
Purpose of having an education, accessed online 2019, found at, https://wellcome.ac.uk/sites/default/files/wtp060177.pdf (2016).
Reasoning, accssed online 2019, found at http://archive.dimacs.rutgers.edu/nj_math_coalition/framework/ch01-04/ch01-04_s4.html
Storytelling in a primary school, assessed online 2019, found at https://peltjournal.wordpress.com/2013/09/02/the-importance-of-storytelling-for-children-learning-at-primary-school-_-vu-thi-hong-thuong-k33/ (2013).
Storytelling in school, accessed online 2019, found at, https://teach.com/great-educational-resources-the-power-of-storytelling/ (2016).
UKCCIS Children’s Online Activities, Risks and Safety: Literature Review published online, accessed online 2019, found at, https://kentesafety.wordpress.com/2017/10/15/ukccis-childrens-online-activities-risks-and-safety-literature-review-published/ (2017).
RUCSA 2019, https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=how+rucsac+is+used+maths+lesson&source.
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